Pancreatic cancer is a serious condition originating in the pancreas, an organ that has important functions for both the digestive and endocrine systems. Pancreatic cancer is notoriously challenging to treat and handle because it often is diagnosed late and can be aggressive in nature. Recognition of the risk factors for the disease is essential for early detection and prevention.

Knowledge of the disease may help reduce the number of deaths attributable to pancreatic cancer. The following are some of the primary risk factors associated with pancreatic cancer.

--Age and gender: Age is a significant risk factor, with most cases affecting people over the age of 65. Men are also slightly more likely than women to develop pancreatic cancer.

--Smoking: Smoking is a known risk factor for pancreatic cancer. The carcinogens present in cigarettes can damage pancreatic cells and promote cancer development. Quitting smoking can help reduce risk.

--Genetics: Some people may have a genetic predisposition to pancreatic cancer. Individuals with a family history of pancreatic cancer or genetic syndromes such as BRCA2 mutations, Lynch syndrome, or Peutz-Jeghers syndrome are at an elevated risk. Certain inherited conditions, such as familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome, also can increase a personÕs risk for pancreatic cancer.

--Chronic pancreatitis: Consistent inflammation of the pancreas, known as chronic pancreatitis, can increase the risk of developing pancreatic cancer. Heavy alcohol consumption or genetic disorders may lead to inflammation in the pancreas and eventually cellular changes that predispose individuals to cancer.

--Diabetes: While diabetes itself is not a direct cause, new-onset diabetes, particularly in older adults, can be a warning sign of pancreatic cancer.

--Obesity: The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) notes that research suggests individuals with a body mass index of 30 or more are at higher risk for pancreatic cancer. Regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight can help mitigate this risk.

While some risk factors for pancreatic cancer, such as age and genetic predisposition, cannot be altered, adopting a healthier lifestyle that incudes quitting smoking and maintaining a healthy body weight can help.